Over the past decade we have seen huge advancements in technology that have changed the way we live our lives. Whether it’s a TV or a mobile phone, every aspect of technology has advanced at a tremendous rate. One of the most focused and driven areas in technological innovation though has been mobile phones. With things moving forward at such a fast pace, you might have forgotten what a mobile phone used to look like!
I have spent the last 10 years of my life studying mobile and communications technology keeping my finger on the racing pulse of innovation. Mobile phones started off life as simple two way radios with a limited range. Radiophones as they were known at the time have a long history which dates back to 1900 when Reginald Fessenden created the first transmission on December 23rd 1900 over a distance of 1 mile. The sound quality of the transmission was too poor to be deemed as practical, but this first transmission helped lead the way to the mobile phones that we love and use today. Radio telephony was first introduced to Europe in 1926 on first class trains that ran between Berlin and Hamburg. Throughout the Second World War, Germany were quick to adapt the equipment on a large scale so it’s tank regiments could communicate efficiently.
In fact, it is largely down to military funding and development that rapid advances in radio communication happened at all. In the 1940′s the US military approached Motorola to developed two way radio devices that could be used in the field. The first device was dubbed the Walkie-Talkie which was a huge radio carried in a backpack. Motorola also created the Handi-Talkie which was a handheld battery powered radio about the size of your arm. This helped give birth to the first mobile telephone service in 1946 which offered 3 radio channels and was manually operated by a mobile operator. 1946 was also the year that the Soviet developed the very first radio phone that could be used in a car with a range of up to 20 kilometres.
Gaining Momentum
As news spread about mobile telephony in the 1950′s it quickly became apparent that it had a number of applications throughout society. In fact, it was in 1954 when a mobile phone made its first cameo appearance in a film, Sabrina. As developments progressed a Soviet engineer created the very first hand held device which was dubbed the LK-1 after the engineer Leonid Kupriyanovich. The handset itself was relatively small compared to other devices and a huge antenna and old school rotary dial. It weighed a chunky 3KG and the battery lasted for around 25 hours, which puts current Smartphone’s to shame to be honest! The handset would connect to a local radio stated which would in turn connect calls to the local hardwired telephone network. Just a few years later in 1958, he developed a smaller version of the handset weighing half a kilo less! Imagine what would happen if he was around for the launch of the Motorola RAZR.
All of this set the foundations for the mobile phone world that we know today. Without these fundamental innovations and military funding we would all still be using a cup and string to communicate.
The First Mobile Phone Call
It wasn’t until April 3rd 1973 that the first analogue mobile phone call was made. Martin Cooper who was a Motorola researcher produced the very first prototype analogue mobile phone. On October 17th 1973 Cooper was named as the inventor of the Radio Telephone System in a US Patent. Motorola paved the way for the development of mobile phones that could be used anywhere and invested heavily in the development and design of wireless communication products.
However there were still problems with the wireless network itself. Sound quality wasn’t the best and there were limitations with ranges and if you were moving or not. This led to the development of the first cellular network – 1G. This was the first time that cell sites were connected so they could transfer calls from one station to the next if a user was travelling between cells during a conversation. NTT deployed he first commercial 1G network in Japan in 1979 which covered all of Tokyo’s 20 million people via 23 base stations. Five years later NTT had invested heavily in the network which covered the whole nation to become the first nationwide commercial 1G network. Lots of countries introduced their own 1G networks throughout the 1980′s including Denmark, Finland, Mexico, Canada, Sweden and the UK. Vodafone made the first mobile call in the UK on the 1st January 1985.
The Rise Of Pay As You Go
Fast forward to the 1990′s and we saw the introduction of the first digital cell network which helped fuel the explosion of mobile phone popularity creating prepaid or pay as you go mobile phones. With the launch of the 2G network also came new developments in the handsets as manufacturers raced to create lighter and smaller models.
The 2G network also introduced a new form of communication called SMS/text messages. The very first text message was sent on the 3rd of December 1992 in the UK by a machine which was swiftly followed by the first human to human text message in 1993. With the rise in popularity of pay as you go (PAYG) mobile phones, text messages soon became a prime means of communications for the younger generations much to the annoyance of the older generations might I add!
Throughout the 90′s the face of mobile phones was changing. Handsets were lighter and smaller and had improved battery’s. Slowly new features started to become available from the basics of a calculator to a full blown virtual contacts list that allowed you to save names and numbers. Mobile gaming first made an appearance with the classic Snake game on Nokia handsets which had millions of people hooked for hours on end.
As time went on people began customising their mobile phones with their own ASCII style network logo’s and people began to compose their own polyphonic ringtones often replicating a song or theme. Nokia were quick to latch onto this trend and began to offer handsets with interchangeable fascias and a dedicated ringtone composer. It would have been an exciting time to be a youngster throughout the 90′s with all of this going on.
We then saw the introduction of colour screens and cameras on phones which helped fuel many an embarrassing moment for many of us! Manufacturers started investing heavily in mobile camera’s pushing the limitations of current technology. Eventually they hit a tipping point when a camera on your phone was just as powerful as dedicated digital camera. As phones picked up more features such as MP3 playback and mobile internet, our phones were getting smarter as we merged all of our digital devices into one. Looking back at an old BBC article from 2005 it is clear to see what we thought about the developments of mobile phones just 6 years ago.
Modern Day Features
Now we have exciting Smartphone’s that are crammed full of features. You can find local restaurants, get directions, play games, watch movies, control devices in your home, lock your car, listen to music, communicate with your friends, hang out on Facebook, record HD video and instantly share your snaps with the world. All of this is possible with just the touch of a button.
Apple and Google have played a big part in the advancement of smartphones over the past few years. The introduction of the iPhone and Google Android platform have allowed manufacturers to focus on the hardware while others drive the software into new dimensions. The Google Android platform has seen huge success and in just a few years has over 100 million devices using the OS around the world. While Apple are doing great things with iOS, looking at the current range of iPhone 4s deals you will be shocked at the range of advanced features you can get for not much outlay. 
This has allowed manufacturers like HTC, LG, Apple and Motorola to focus on pushing the limits of current hardware. It’s now got to the point that the device in my pocket was more powerful than the computer I was using in the mid 90′s. That computer had a 90mhz processor, 1GB storage and 12mb of ram, compared to my current phone the Samsung Galaxy S2 contract which has a dual core 1200 mhz processor, 32GB storage and 1024mb of ram.
It’s also worth nothing that it is now easier than ever to unlock mobile phones. If you have a phone that is locked to a network, it is very easy to break free from the shackles so you can use any sim card from any network provider of your choice. There is a really handy mobile phone unlocking guide that explains it in more detail that I can here but it’s definetly worth taking a look at!
It will be interesting to see where the world of mobile phones will take us next. I believe that digital convergence is going to continue until the point mobile phones replace our become an extension of our home computers. This is already apparent with the introduction of the Motorola Atrix laptop dock which allows you to use the handset on a big screen with a keyboard much like a laptop. Who knows? Maybe we will get a real x-ray scanner instead of those fake apps or perhaps a built in shaver for the man on the go!